If you market a product or an idea, I strongly suggest that you read Geoffrey Moore’s “Crossing the Chasm.” Even if you aren’t in business, marketing or sales, its a great insight into why we buy, what we buy, and when we buy.
The theory is based around the Law of Diffusion of Innovation. Before your eyes glaze over, the theory around the law is pretty simple.
There are 5 different stages of “adopters” or consumers:
- Innovators: these are the ground breakers, the risk takers and make up 2.5%
- Early Adopters: these are the consumers that believe in the product and buy on emotion, making up 13.5%
- Early Majority: these are the folks who only buy when something is tried and tested, 34% of the market
- Late Majority: this group will arrive once the product or innovation has long since been accepted, making up 34%
- Laggards: this group has no choice but to accept the product or innovation, making up the final 16%
Here is an example of how this works. When the iPad was announced, the Innovators (2.5%) waited in line for 6 hours for the chance to pre-order. A week after the product hit the shelves and there was some inventory, the Early Adopters (13.5%) showed up. About 3-6 months after the iPad was introduced, those Early Majority (34%) consumers arrived and ordered theirs online. The Late Majority (34%) showed up this past Christmas and gobbled up all the inventory, or maybe they waited for the iPad 2. And the Laggards (16%), well, they are still waiting, and when they are ready, they will pick up their rotary phone and call Apple, or borrow an Innovator’s ancient iPad.
Here is what is important about the groups. Those Early Adopters influence the Early Majority which then influences the Late Majority. The Early and Late Majority groups make up 68% of the market. The Early Adopters are the key influencers.
And “The Chasm?” That’s the tipping point between those Early Adopters and the Early Majority; the tipping point between a small share and market domination. Your product only enters the mass market when it hits that 12-15% mark. Most marketers will tell you that you can literally trip over 10% of the market. That 10% will leave you in a heartbeat if the Early Adopters push or influence them in a different direction.
So, if you have 5% or 6% of the market, even in a fractured industry where that is the largest share, your hold is tenuous at best. You are standing on the wrong side of the Chasm. You still need to hit 15% before becoming comfortable and working on the Majority. Dig in and get back to work aggressively or suffer the inevitable consequences. Because someone else WILL jump you eventually.
Just ask TIVO, who maybe had the greatest product technology OF ALL TIME, that we all enjoy using now via DVR on our crappy Time Warner Cable boxes. TIVO nearly went bankrupt and has been passed like a turtle on the Autobahn.
Don’t be a turtle, endeavor to jump the Chasm.
Blair Ingle
“Innovative leader; man of action, influence and service everyday.”
You can read more at his website BlairIngle.com
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